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Rosary and scapular
The exact origins of both the Rosary and Scapular are subject to debate among scholars. Pious tradition maintains that both the Rosary and the Brown Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel were given by the Virgin Mary to saints Dominic and Simon Stock respectively during the 13th century.〔Gerald M. Costello, 2001, ''Treasury of Catholic Stories'', OSV Press, ISBN 978-0-87973-979-9, page 128〕〔 (Saunders, William. "History of the Rosary", ''The Arlington Catholic Herald'', October 6, 1994 )〕 Historical records document their growth during the 16th and 17th centuries in Europe. By the early 20th century they had gained such a strong following among Catholics worldwide that the Catholic Encyclopedia of 1914 stated: "Like the Rosary, the Brown scapular has become the badge of the devout Catholic."〔(Hilgers, Joseph. "Scapular." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 22 Dec. 2014 )〕
Since the Second Vatican Council the more appropriate term for these items is "devotional articles", in order to distinguish them from liturgical actions and items used therewith, such as candles, chrism, or holy water. The sacramental related to them would be the rite of blessing, rather than the object blessed.〔Catechism of the Catholic Church §1674〕
As with all religious articles, the use of the Rosary and the Scapular are optional for Roman Catholics. They have been supported, encouraged and linked by a number of Catholic figures such as popes, saints and cardinals.〔(Zenit News 2008 ''Cardinal Urges Devotion to Rosary and Scapular'' )〕 Specific indulgences have been associated with them.〔Vatican website for Pope Paul VI's Apostolic Constitution Indulgentiarum Doctrina ()〕 This article reviews the history, Mariology and the development of the Rosary and the Scapular as important expressions of popular piety in the Roman Catholic Church.
==Devotions==
The Rosary and the Scapular are viewed as devotional elements of Catholicism. Some historians suggest that the combined effect of the devotional elements and the benefits associated with them made the Rosary and the Scapular favored among Roman Catholics.〔Henry Charles Lea, 2002,'' A History of Auricular Confession and Indulgences in the Latin Church'', Adamant Media Corp. ISBN 1-4021-6108-5 page 263〕 However, although many of the faithful choose to pray the Rosary and wear the scapular, and various Catholic figures encourage their use, the linking of the Rosary and the Scapular is not formally reflected in Church doctrine.
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